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عائشة خليل الأربعاء فبراير 03, 2010 12:52 pmالصفــات
موقع الصفة :
معظم الصفات فى اللغة الانجليزية يمكن ان تأتى فى الجملة إما قبل اسم او بعد فعل
مثال ذلك:
She lives in a beautiful house
أو
Her house is beautiful
ولكن هناك بعض الصفات تكون مختلفة عن ذلك و يمكن ان تستخدم فقط فى مكان واحد .
مثال ذلك:
main, single تستخدم فقط قبل اسم
يمكننا ان نقول :
There was a single tree in the middle of the garden.
The main reason I came home was to see my parents.
كلمة asleep ، unwell تستخدم فقط بعد فعل
يمكننا ان نقول :
Is he unwell?
No, he's asleep.
و هناك بعض الصفات و خاصة تلك التى تستخدم فى صيغ القياسات تأتى دائما بعد اسم .
يمكننا ان نقول:
The hole is three meters deep.
The cupboard i. s two feet high and four feet wide
STUDY NOTES 2
More and most, -er and –est
صيغ المقارنة و التميز للصفات و الاحوال و التى تستخدم لبيان زيادة فى الجودة، الكمية، الدرجة يتم تكوينها بثلاثة طرق:
بإضافة –er و -est لنهاية الكلمة ، و مثال على ذلك:
Peter, David, and Stephen are all tall.
Peter is taller than David.
Peter is taller than both David and Peter.
Stephen is the tallest of the three.
بإضافة more و most قبل الكلمة ، و مثال على ذلك:
All of these rings are expensive.
The Gold ring is more expensive than the silver ring.
The diamond ring is more expensive than both the silver ring and the gold ring.
The diamond ring is the most expensive.
باستخدام كلمات مختلفة ، و مثال على ذلك:
All of the girls' work is good.
Mary's work is better than Anne's.
Mary's work is better than both Ann's and Mary's.
Jane's work is the best.
و هناك كلمات اخرى مثل هذه الكلمات مثل bad ، far، well، badly، little (حال).
لاحظ ان بعض الكلمات مثل foreign و main ليس لها صيغ مقارنة او تميز. و بناء على ذلك فإن هذه الكلمات لا يمكن استخدامها لبيان الزيادة فى الجودة ، الكمية او الدرجة.
STUDY NOTES 3
أدوات العطـف CONJUNCTIONS
(هى الكلمات او العبارات مثل so, because, but, and و التى تقوم بربط اثنين او اكثر من الاسماء، الافعال ، الصفات او اجزاء الجمل)
طرق مختلفة لقول and
هناك كلمات كثيرة و عبارات فى اللغة الانجليزية و التى يمكن استخدامها مثل and لربط فكرتين او اكثر فى جملة. و هذه الافكار عادة تكون متشابهة فى المعنى و لذلك فبدلا من ان نقول دائما:
When we went to town we visited the zoo and the museum.
Peter and Paul came to the party
يمكننا ان نقول بدلا من ذلك:
We went to the zoo. We visited the museum as well. Paul came to the party. Peter came as
well.
We went to the zoo. We went to the museum too. Paul came to the party. Peter came
too.
We went to the museum as well as the zoo. Peter came to the party with us as well
as Paul.
Paul came to the party. So did peter.
We went to the zoo. We also visited the museum. Peter and also Paul came with us to
the party
Not only did we go to the zoo; we also went to the museum. Not only Peter but also Paul came with
us to the party.
Besides going to the zoo, we went to the museum. A lot of people came to the party
besides Peter and Paul.
In addition to visiting the zoo, we went to the museum. A number of people came to the party
in addition to Peter and Paul.
طرق مختلفة لقول because
هناك كلمات كثيرة و عبارات مثل because و التى يمكن استخدامها لربط فكرتين او اكثر فى جملة. هذه الكلمات و العبارات جميعها اجابة للسؤال why ؟
بعض هذه الكلمات والعبارات تبين غرض شئ ما بعض هذه الكلمات والعبارات تبين السبب لشئ ما
She was late for school becouse she He only said it to annoy me.
Missed the bus
She was late becouse of missing the bus. He said it in order to annoy me.
Since / As he has no money he can't buy I had a big breakfast so (that) I wouldn't
A bicycle. Be hungry later on.
We stayed inside on account of the rain I had a big breakfast so as not to be hungry later on.
His failure was due to his lack of work. I went to live in the town in order that I
He faild owing to his lack of work . might get a jop
We lost the game through poor play.
The dog died from eating poison.
He kicked the door out of bad temper.
والمرة الجاية اوعدكم هنتكلم عن باقى الصفات
موقع الصفة :
معظم الصفات فى اللغة الانجليزية يمكن ان تأتى فى الجملة إما قبل اسم او بعد فعل
مثال ذلك:
She lives in a beautiful house
أو
Her house is beautiful
ولكن هناك بعض الصفات تكون مختلفة عن ذلك و يمكن ان تستخدم فقط فى مكان واحد .
مثال ذلك:
main, single تستخدم فقط قبل اسم
يمكننا ان نقول :
There was a single tree in the middle of the garden.
The main reason I came home was to see my parents.
كلمة asleep ، unwell تستخدم فقط بعد فعل
يمكننا ان نقول :
Is he unwell?
No, he's asleep.
و هناك بعض الصفات و خاصة تلك التى تستخدم فى صيغ القياسات تأتى دائما بعد اسم .
يمكننا ان نقول:
The hole is three meters deep.
The cupboard i. s two feet high and four feet wide
STUDY NOTES 2
More and most, -er and –est
صيغ المقارنة و التميز للصفات و الاحوال و التى تستخدم لبيان زيادة فى الجودة، الكمية، الدرجة يتم تكوينها بثلاثة طرق:
بإضافة –er و -est لنهاية الكلمة ، و مثال على ذلك:
Peter, David, and Stephen are all tall.
Peter is taller than David.
Peter is taller than both David and Peter.
Stephen is the tallest of the three.
بإضافة more و most قبل الكلمة ، و مثال على ذلك:
All of these rings are expensive.
The Gold ring is more expensive than the silver ring.
The diamond ring is more expensive than both the silver ring and the gold ring.
The diamond ring is the most expensive.
باستخدام كلمات مختلفة ، و مثال على ذلك:
All of the girls' work is good.
Mary's work is better than Anne's.
Mary's work is better than both Ann's and Mary's.
Jane's work is the best.
و هناك كلمات اخرى مثل هذه الكلمات مثل bad ، far، well، badly، little (حال).
لاحظ ان بعض الكلمات مثل foreign و main ليس لها صيغ مقارنة او تميز. و بناء على ذلك فإن هذه الكلمات لا يمكن استخدامها لبيان الزيادة فى الجودة ، الكمية او الدرجة.
STUDY NOTES 3
أدوات العطـف CONJUNCTIONS
(هى الكلمات او العبارات مثل so, because, but, and و التى تقوم بربط اثنين او اكثر من الاسماء، الافعال ، الصفات او اجزاء الجمل)
طرق مختلفة لقول and
هناك كلمات كثيرة و عبارات فى اللغة الانجليزية و التى يمكن استخدامها مثل and لربط فكرتين او اكثر فى جملة. و هذه الافكار عادة تكون متشابهة فى المعنى و لذلك فبدلا من ان نقول دائما:
When we went to town we visited the zoo and the museum.
Peter and Paul came to the party
يمكننا ان نقول بدلا من ذلك:
We went to the zoo. We visited the museum as well. Paul came to the party. Peter came as
well.
We went to the zoo. We went to the museum too. Paul came to the party. Peter came
too.
We went to the museum as well as the zoo. Peter came to the party with us as well
as Paul.
Paul came to the party. So did peter.
We went to the zoo. We also visited the museum. Peter and also Paul came with us to
the party
Not only did we go to the zoo; we also went to the museum. Not only Peter but also Paul came with
us to the party.
Besides going to the zoo, we went to the museum. A lot of people came to the party
besides Peter and Paul.
In addition to visiting the zoo, we went to the museum. A number of people came to the party
in addition to Peter and Paul.
طرق مختلفة لقول because
هناك كلمات كثيرة و عبارات مثل because و التى يمكن استخدامها لربط فكرتين او اكثر فى جملة. هذه الكلمات و العبارات جميعها اجابة للسؤال why ؟
بعض هذه الكلمات والعبارات تبين غرض شئ ما بعض هذه الكلمات والعبارات تبين السبب لشئ ما
She was late for school becouse she He only said it to annoy me.
Missed the bus
She was late becouse of missing the bus. He said it in order to annoy me.
Since / As he has no money he can't buy I had a big breakfast so (that) I wouldn't
A bicycle. Be hungry later on.
We stayed inside on account of the rain I had a big breakfast so as not to be hungry later on.
His failure was due to his lack of work. I went to live in the town in order that I
He faild owing to his lack of work . might get a jop
We lost the game through poor play.
The dog died from eating poison.
He kicked the door out of bad temper.
والمرة الجاية اوعدكم هنتكلم عن باقى الصفات