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زمـــــن الــمــــاضــــي الـتــــام
تكوينه :
استخدامه
إذا وقع حدثان في الماضي فان الحدث الذي تم أولا يكون زمنه ماضي تام والحدث الذي تم ثانيا يكون زمنه ماضي بسيط .
After
As soon as + فاعل + ماضي تام , فاعل + ماضي بسيط
When
First, he watched the film, and then he went to bed. (After)
After he had watched the film, he went to bed.
Till
مــاضـي بسيــط مـنفـي + فــاعـــل + فــاعــل مـاضـي تــام
) didn’t + المصدر (Until (had + P.P)
He didn’t go home until he had watched TV.
no sooner + p.p -----than
فاعل + had hardly + p.p ------when فاعل + ماضي بسيط
Scarcely + p.p ------when
He had no sooner watched TV than he went to bed.
ملحوظة :
إذا بدأت الجملة بإحدى هذه الكلمات , تأتى الجملة بعدها علي هيئه استفهام :-
No sooner than
Hardly + had فاعل + + p.p when فاعل + ماضي بسيط
Scarcely when
Hardly had he watched TV when he went to bed.
فــاعــل + ماضي تــام before فــاعــل + مــاضــي بسيـــط
فــاعــل + ماضي تــام by the time فــاعــل + مــاضــي بسيـــط
First, he made a plan. Then he robbed the bank.
He had made a plan before he robbed the bank.
ملاحظات :
1- إذا حذفنا الفاعل بعد after , before نستخدم ( v + ing ) أو ( noun ) بعد الرابط
After making a plan, he robbed the bank.
Before lunch, we had watched TV.
2- يمكن حذف after ونستخدم
Having + p.p , فــاعــل + مـــاضــي بـسيــطـ
Having watched TV, I went to bed .
3- جميع الروابط الزمنية إذا آتي قبلها مستقبل بسيط يأتي بعدها مضارع بسيط آو مضارع تام
I will make a plan before I begin the project.
Choose the correct answer:
1-He didn’t receive my letter I ----------- to him two days ago.
a- had sent b- have sent c- would sent d- sent
2- By the time the police ------------, the thief had escaped
a- arrive b- had arrived c- have arrived d- arrived
3- After -------- a new house, he will marry.
a- set up b- had set up c- have set
d- setting up
4- Having ---------- the letter, I posted it.
a- write b- wrote c- writing d- written
5- Before he passed the exam, Ali ------------- hard.
a- studied b- had studied c- have studied d- studies
6- I didn’t answer the question ------------ I had read the question paper.
a- until b- after c- when d- before
7- As soon as he ---------- at the airport, he telephoned me.
a- arrived b- had arrived c- arriving d- arrives
8- No sooner ----------- the letter than he posted it.
a - he wrote b- has he written c- he had written d - had he written
9- He -------- find a job until he had graduated.
a- won’t b- doesn’t c- didn’t d- couldn’t
10- He ------ no sooner finished his work than he went to the club.
a- had b- did c- has d- was
11- He missed the bus because he ------------ late.
a- had got up b- gets c- has got up d- got up
12-he didn’t remember the promise he -----------
a- took b- has taken c- takes d- had taken
13- As soon as I ---------- the ticket, I ran to catch the bus.
a- bough b- had bought c- have bought d- was buying
14-He ------------me his book yesterday.
a- gave b- gives c- had given d- will give
15- The patient ---------------before the doctor came.
a- died b- dies c- had died d- has died
16- As soon as he had arrived in London he -----------------me.
a- has phoned b- phones c- had phoned d- phoned
17- She --------------------a teacher before she became a guide.
a- has been b- had been c- was being d- is
18- By the time he was five, he ---------------------to write.
a- learnt b- learns c- had learnt d- would learn
19- My father didn't remember the promise ----------------------------.
a- had made b- made c- makes d- has made
20- She --------------her lunch until her husband had come.
a- had had b- won't have c- wasn't have d-didn't have
21- after the report ----------------, I handed it to the manager.
a-had finished b- had been finished c- has been finished d-finished
22- Having graduated, he ------------------abroad.
a- traveled b- had traveled c- has traveled d- travels
23- After --------------my work, I went home.
a-had finished b- finished c- finishing d- being finished
24- They said that the driver ----------------------the accident.
a-had cause b-was caused c- had caused d-has caused
25- I took the medicine when I --------------------- a meal.
a- has had b- have had c- had d- had had
Rewrite the following sentences:
1- He was punished for not paying the fine (because)
2- He left the place when his friend came. (Until)
3- Having visited his uncle, he went shopping. (After)
4- I didn’t know about her success until I had met her (after)
5-She didn’t marry till she had graduated. (When)
6- After I had studied, I went to bed. (Till)
7- He felt ill from eating too much caned food, (By the time)
8- She wrote a postcard then she went to the post office. (Before)
9-I had my breakfast, but before that, I took some exercise (I didn’t)
10 - Why don’t you phone Dalia? (How)
11 - Akram borrowed a tennis racket from Fawzi. (Lent)
12 - He didn’t leave without talking the money. (Until)
13- They weren't eager to work until they had had a holiday. (After)
14- He left the room after taking permission. (before)
15- We went for a walk but first we finished our work. (Having)
16- You were cold because you didn't wear a coat. (If)
17- We didn't visit the museum as we hadn't time. (If)
18- Without doctors' efforts, many patients would have died. (unless)
19- I didn't know the good news as I was abroad. (If)
20- If I had known you were a sleep, I wouldn't have played the piano. (I didn't)
زمـــــن الــمــــاضــــي الـتــــام
تكوينه :
استخدامه
إذا وقع حدثان في الماضي فان الحدث الذي تم أولا يكون زمنه ماضي تام والحدث الذي تم ثانيا يكون زمنه ماضي بسيط .
After
As soon as + فاعل + ماضي تام , فاعل + ماضي بسيط
When
First, he watched the film, and then he went to bed. (After)
After he had watched the film, he went to bed.
Till
مــاضـي بسيــط مـنفـي + فــاعـــل + فــاعــل مـاضـي تــام
) didn’t + المصدر (Until (had + P.P)
He didn’t go home until he had watched TV.
no sooner + p.p -----than
فاعل + had hardly + p.p ------when فاعل + ماضي بسيط
Scarcely + p.p ------when
He had no sooner watched TV than he went to bed.
ملحوظة :
إذا بدأت الجملة بإحدى هذه الكلمات , تأتى الجملة بعدها علي هيئه استفهام :-
No sooner than
Hardly + had فاعل + + p.p when فاعل + ماضي بسيط
Scarcely when
Hardly had he watched TV when he went to bed.
فــاعــل + ماضي تــام before فــاعــل + مــاضــي بسيـــط
فــاعــل + ماضي تــام by the time فــاعــل + مــاضــي بسيـــط
First, he made a plan. Then he robbed the bank.
He had made a plan before he robbed the bank.
ملاحظات :
1- إذا حذفنا الفاعل بعد after , before نستخدم ( v + ing ) أو ( noun ) بعد الرابط
After making a plan, he robbed the bank.
Before lunch, we had watched TV.
2- يمكن حذف after ونستخدم
Having + p.p , فــاعــل + مـــاضــي بـسيــطـ
Having watched TV, I went to bed .
3- جميع الروابط الزمنية إذا آتي قبلها مستقبل بسيط يأتي بعدها مضارع بسيط آو مضارع تام
I will make a plan before I begin the project.
Choose the correct answer:
1-He didn’t receive my letter I ----------- to him two days ago.
a- had sent b- have sent c- would sent d- sent
2- By the time the police ------------, the thief had escaped
a- arrive b- had arrived c- have arrived d- arrived
3- After -------- a new house, he will marry.
a- set up b- had set up c- have set
d- setting up
4- Having ---------- the letter, I posted it.
a- write b- wrote c- writing d- written
5- Before he passed the exam, Ali ------------- hard.
a- studied b- had studied c- have studied d- studies
6- I didn’t answer the question ------------ I had read the question paper.
a- until b- after c- when d- before
7- As soon as he ---------- at the airport, he telephoned me.
a- arrived b- had arrived c- arriving d- arrives
8- No sooner ----------- the letter than he posted it.
a - he wrote b- has he written c- he had written d - had he written
9- He -------- find a job until he had graduated.
a- won’t b- doesn’t c- didn’t d- couldn’t
10- He ------ no sooner finished his work than he went to the club.
a- had b- did c- has d- was
11- He missed the bus because he ------------ late.
a- had got up b- gets c- has got up d- got up
12-he didn’t remember the promise he -----------
a- took b- has taken c- takes d- had taken
13- As soon as I ---------- the ticket, I ran to catch the bus.
a- bough b- had bought c- have bought d- was buying
14-He ------------me his book yesterday.
a- gave b- gives c- had given d- will give
15- The patient ---------------before the doctor came.
a- died b- dies c- had died d- has died
16- As soon as he had arrived in London he -----------------me.
a- has phoned b- phones c- had phoned d- phoned
17- She --------------------a teacher before she became a guide.
a- has been b- had been c- was being d- is
18- By the time he was five, he ---------------------to write.
a- learnt b- learns c- had learnt d- would learn
19- My father didn't remember the promise ----------------------------.
a- had made b- made c- makes d- has made
20- She --------------her lunch until her husband had come.
a- had had b- won't have c- wasn't have d-didn't have
21- after the report ----------------, I handed it to the manager.
a-had finished b- had been finished c- has been finished d-finished
22- Having graduated, he ------------------abroad.
a- traveled b- had traveled c- has traveled d- travels
23- After --------------my work, I went home.
a-had finished b- finished c- finishing d- being finished
24- They said that the driver ----------------------the accident.
a-had cause b-was caused c- had caused d-has caused
25- I took the medicine when I --------------------- a meal.
a- has had b- have had c- had d- had had
Rewrite the following sentences:
1- He was punished for not paying the fine (because)
2- He left the place when his friend came. (Until)
3- Having visited his uncle, he went shopping. (After)
4- I didn’t know about her success until I had met her (after)
5-She didn’t marry till she had graduated. (When)
6- After I had studied, I went to bed. (Till)
7- He felt ill from eating too much caned food, (By the time)
8- She wrote a postcard then she went to the post office. (Before)
9-I had my breakfast, but before that, I took some exercise (I didn’t)
10 - Why don’t you phone Dalia? (How)
11 - Akram borrowed a tennis racket from Fawzi. (Lent)
12 - He didn’t leave without talking the money. (Until)
13- They weren't eager to work until they had had a holiday. (After)
14- He left the room after taking permission. (before)
15- We went for a walk but first we finished our work. (Having)
16- You were cold because you didn't wear a coat. (If)
17- We didn't visit the museum as we hadn't time. (If)
18- Without doctors' efforts, many patients would have died. (unless)
19- I didn't know the good news as I was abroad. (If)
20- If I had known you were a sleep, I wouldn't have played the piano. (I didn't)